A sclerophyllous forest is characterized by trees and shrubs that have hard, thick leaves adapted to withstand dry conditions. These forests are typically found in regions with a Mediterranean climate, where summers are hot and dry, and winters are mild and wet. Common species include eucalyptus, oak, and olive trees, which have evolved to conserve water and resist drought. These forests play a crucial role in their ecosystems, providing habitat for various wildlife and contributing to soil stability. The dense foliage helps reduce soil erosion and supports biodiversity. Sclerophyllous forests are also important for carbon storage, helping to mitigate climate change effects.