The term "Samnite" refers to a member of an ancient Italic people who lived in the region of Samnium in central Italy. The Samnites were known for their warrior culture and played a significant role in the early history of Rome. They were involved in a series of conflicts known as the Samnite Wars during the 4th and 3rd centuries BCE. The Samnites spoke the Osco-Umbrian language and had a distinct social structure, including a strong emphasis on tribal affiliations. Their society was organized into several tribes, and they were known for their skilled cavalry and infantry. Ultimately, the Samnites were absorbed into the expanding Roman Republic.