Roman farming was an essential part of the ancient Roman economy, focusing on the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock. Farmers grew staples like wheat, barley, and grapes, which were vital for food and wine production. They used simple tools, such as plows and sickles, and practiced crop rotation to maintain soil fertility. The Roman agricultural system also included large estates called latifundia, which were often worked by slaves. These estates produced surplus goods for trade, contributing to the wealth of the Roman Empire. Farming techniques and innovations, such as irrigation and fertilization, helped improve yields and sustain the growing population.