Pope Gregory XII was the head of the Roman Catholic Church from 1406 to 1415. He is best known for his role during the Western Schism, a period when multiple claimants to the papacy existed, leading to confusion and division within the Church. Gregory XII was the last pope of the Avignon line, which had moved the papacy to Avignon, France for nearly 70 years. In 1414, he convened the Council of Constance to address the schism and sought to unify the Church. Ultimately, he resigned in 1415, paving the way for the election of Pope Martin V, which helped restore a single papal authority.