Physical geology is the branch of geology that focuses on understanding the Earth's materials and processes. It examines rocks, minerals, and the forces that shape the planet's surface, such as volcanoes, earthquakes, and erosion. By studying these elements, scientists can learn how landscapes are formed and changed over time. This field also explores the interactions between the Earth's systems, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. Physical geologists use various tools and techniques, like geological mapping and remote sensing, to gather data. Their work helps us understand natural hazards and manage resources, contributing to a safer and more sustainable environment.