The Philae lander was a robotic spacecraft that successfully landed on the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko on November 12, 2014. It was part of the Rosetta mission, launched by the European Space Agency in 2004, aimed at studying comets and their role in the solar system. Philae was designed to perform scientific experiments, including analyzing the comet's surface and collecting data on its composition. After its landing, it transmitted valuable information back to Earth, although it faced challenges due to its landing position in a shadowed area, which limited its solar power.