Phenolic compounds are a diverse group of chemical substances characterized by the presence of one or more hydroxyl groups (-OH) attached to an aromatic hydrocarbon ring. They are widely found in plants and contribute to the color, flavor, and aroma of many fruits, vegetables, and herbs. Common examples include flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic acids, which play essential roles in plant defense and human health. These compounds are known for their antioxidant properties, helping to neutralize harmful free radicals in the body. Research suggests that phenolic compounds may offer various health benefits, including reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer. Their presence in foods like berries, tea, and red wine has garnered significant interest in nutrition and health studies.