Phenolic acids are a type of organic compound characterized by a phenolic ring and a carboxylic acid group. They are widely found in plants and contribute to their color, flavor, and resistance to pathogens. Common examples include caffeic acid and ferulic acid, which are often present in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. These compounds are known for their antioxidant properties, helping to protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. Additionally, phenolic acids may have potential health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, making them an important area of study in nutrition and health sciences.