Periglacial processes refer to the geological and environmental changes that occur in areas adjacent to glaciers, where temperatures are often below freezing but not consistently cold enough to support glacial ice. These processes include the formation of features like frost heave, where soil expands and contracts due to freeze-thaw cycles, and solifluction, the slow movement of water-saturated soil down slopes. These processes significantly shape the landscape, creating unique landforms such as pingos, which are mounds of earth-covered ice, and thermokarst, which results from the melting of permafrost. Understanding periglacial processes is essential for studying climate change and its impact on ecosystems.