Paul Kruger was a prominent South African leader and politician, best known for his role as the President of the South African Republic (also known as the Transvaal) during the late 19th century. Born on October 10, 1825, he played a significant role in the Boer resistance against British colonial expansion. His leadership was marked by the Second Anglo-Boer War, which began in 1899. Kruger was a key figure in the development of Afrikaner nationalism and sought to protect the rights of the Boers, or Dutch settlers, in South Africa. He served as president multiple times and was known for his strong beliefs in independence and self-governance. He passed away on July 14, 1904, in Switzerland.