The Partition of Bengal occurred in 1905 when the British colonial government divided the province of Bengal into two parts: East Bengal and West Bengal. This division was primarily based on religious lines, with East Bengal having a Muslim majority and West Bengal a Hindu majority. The British claimed it was for administrative efficiency, but many viewed it as a strategy to weaken the growing nationalist movement. The partition faced significant opposition from Indian nationalists, leading to widespread protests. In 1911, the British reversed the partition, reuniting Bengal. This event played a crucial role in shaping the Indian independence movement and highlighted the tensions between different religious communities in India.