Papua is a region located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, primarily comprising the western half of the island of New Guinea. It is divided into two main parts: Papua Province and West Papua Province, both of which are part of Indonesia. The area is known for its rich biodiversity, with numerous unique species of plants and animals, as well as its diverse cultures, with hundreds of indigenous groups and languages. The capital city of Papua is Jayapura, which serves as a central hub for trade and communication. The region is characterized by mountainous terrain, dense rainforests, and coastal areas. Papua is also home to the {Papua New Guinea} border, which lies to the east, making it a significant area for both ecological and cultural studies.