The Přemyslid Dynasty was a royal family that ruled over the region of modern-day Czech Republic from the 9th to the 14th centuries. They are considered one of the oldest dynasties in Central Europe and played a significant role in the formation of the Czech state. The dynasty's most notable rulers include Václav I and Charles IV, who contributed to the cultural and political development of the region. The Přemyslids established the Duchy of Bohemia and later elevated it to a kingdom. Their reign saw the construction of important structures, such as Prague Castle, and the promotion of Christianity. The dynasty eventually declined, leading to its extinction in 1306, but their legacy remains influential in Czech history.