The Duchy of Bohemia was a historical region in Central Europe, primarily located in what is now the modern-day Czech Republic. Established in the early Middle Ages, it became a significant political entity and was ruled by various dukes. The duchy played a crucial role in the development of Czech identity and culture. In 1198, the Duchy of Bohemia was elevated to a kingdom, becoming the Kingdom of Bohemia. It was an important part of the Holy Roman Empire and contributed to the region's political and economic landscape. The duchy is known for its rich history, including the influence of figures like Charles IV.