Oscar I of Sweden was born on January 4, 1799, and became king in 1844, ruling until his death in 1859. He was the son of Charles XIV John of Sweden and Desideria of Sweden. His reign is noted for promoting liberal reforms, including improvements in education and the legal system. During his time as king, Oscar I worked to strengthen the ties between Sweden and Norway, which were united under a single crown. He was also known for his interest in the arts and culture, supporting various artistic endeavors and fostering a sense of national identity.