Operational disruptions refer to interruptions in the normal functioning of a business or organization. These disruptions can arise from various factors, including natural disasters, equipment failures, supply chain issues, or unexpected events like pandemics. Such interruptions can lead to delays in production, reduced service quality, and financial losses. To manage operational disruptions, organizations often develop contingency plans and risk management strategies. These may include diversifying suppliers, investing in technology, and training employees to respond effectively. By preparing for potential disruptions, businesses can minimize their impact and maintain continuity in their operations.