Ocean mining refers to the process of extracting valuable minerals and resources from the ocean floor. This includes materials like manganese nodules, polymetallic sulfides, and cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts. These resources are sought after for their use in electronics, batteries, and other industrial applications. The practice of ocean mining raises environmental concerns, as it can disrupt marine ecosystems and habitats. Regulations and guidelines are being developed by organizations like the International Seabed Authority to ensure that mining activities are conducted sustainably and responsibly, balancing economic interests with the protection of ocean health.