Natural dyes are colorants derived from plants, minerals, and insects, used for coloring textiles, food, and other materials. Common sources include indigo from the indigo plant, madder from the madder root, and cochineal from the cochineal insect. These dyes have been used for centuries and are valued for their vibrant colors and eco-friendly properties. Unlike synthetic dyes, natural dyes are biodegradable and often less harmful to the environment. The dyeing process typically involves extracting color from the source material through boiling or soaking, followed by applying it to the fabric or item. This traditional method is experiencing a resurgence as people seek sustainable alternatives in fashion and crafts.