Madder is a flowering plant belonging to the Rubiaceae family, known scientifically as Rubia tinctorum. It is primarily recognized for its roots, which contain natural dyes, particularly alizarin, used for coloring textiles and fabrics. Historically, madder has been cultivated for centuries, especially in regions like India and Turkey, where it was a significant source of red dye. The plant typically grows to about 1 meter tall and features small, star-shaped flowers that bloom in summer. Madder thrives in well-drained soil and prefers sunny locations. Besides its dyeing properties, madder has also been used in traditional medicine for various ailments, showcasing its versatility beyond just color production.