The Mountbatten Plan was a proposal for the partition of British India into two independent states, India and Pakistan. Introduced by Lord Louis Mountbatten, the last Viceroy of India, in 1947, the plan aimed to address the growing tensions between Hindus and Muslims and facilitate a smooth transition to independence. The plan outlined a timeline for the transfer of power and included provisions for the division of territory and resources. It ultimately led to the creation of Pakistan as a separate nation for Muslims, while India remained a secular state, resulting in significant demographic and political changes in the region.