Motor pathways are neural routes in the nervous system that transmit signals from the brain to the muscles, enabling movement. These pathways consist of upper motor neurons, which originate in the cerebral cortex or brainstem, and lower motor neurons, which are located in the spinal cord and directly innervate muscles. There are two main types of motor pathways: the pyramidal tract, responsible for voluntary movements, and the extrapyramidal tract, which regulates involuntary actions and reflexes. Together, these pathways coordinate complex movements and maintain posture, ensuring smooth and controlled physical activity.