The basal ganglia are a group of interconnected structures located deep within the brain. They play a crucial role in coordinating movement, regulating motor control, and facilitating learning and habit formation. The main components include the caudate nucleus, putamen, and globus pallidus, which work together to help initiate and smooth out voluntary movements. In addition to movement regulation, the basal ganglia are involved in cognitive functions and emotional responses. They help process information related to rewards and decision-making, influencing behaviors and actions. Dysfunction in the basal ganglia is associated with various neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease.