Moral theories are frameworks that help us understand what is right and wrong. They provide guidelines for making ethical decisions and can be categorized into three main types: deontology, consequentialism, and virtue ethics. Each theory offers a different perspective on how to evaluate actions and their moral implications. Deontology focuses on rules and duties, suggesting that some actions are inherently right or wrong regardless of their outcomes. In contrast, consequentialism evaluates the morality of actions based on their results, aiming for the greatest good for the greatest number. Virtue ethics emphasizes the character and virtues of the moral agent, promoting the development of good traits to guide ethical behavior.