Utilitarianism is a moral philosophy that suggests the best action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or well-being. This approach evaluates the consequences of actions, aiming to produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people. It encourages individuals to consider how their choices affect others and to prioritize actions that lead to positive outcomes for society as a whole. The concept was popularized by philosophers like Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. They argued that ethical decisions should be based on their results, promoting a practical way to assess right and wrong. Utilitarianism often influences public policy and ethical debates, emphasizing collective welfare.