The Montagu-Chelmsford Report was a significant document produced in 1918 by British officials, Edwin Montagu and Lord Chelmsford. It aimed to address the growing demands for self-governance in India following World War I. The report recommended constitutional reforms, including the introduction of a system of diarchy, where certain powers would be shared between British officials and Indian leaders. The report laid the groundwork for the Government of India Act 1919, which implemented some of its recommendations. While it expanded Indian participation in governance, many felt it fell short of true self-rule, leading to further political agitation in the country.