Meloidogyne incognita is a species of plant-parasitic nematodes, commonly known as root-knot nematodes. They are microscopic roundworms that invade the roots of various plants, causing significant agricultural damage. These nematodes create galls or "knots" on the roots, which disrupt the plant's ability to absorb water and nutrients. This nematode is found in many regions worldwide and affects a wide range of crops, including tomatoes, potatoes, and soybeans. Effective management strategies include crop rotation, resistant plant varieties, and soil treatments to reduce their population and minimize crop losses.