Mayan culture flourished in Mesoamerica, particularly in present-day Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and Honduras. The civilization is known for its advanced knowledge in mathematics, astronomy, and writing, using a complex system of hieroglyphs. The Mayans built impressive cities with monumental architecture, including pyramids, temples, and palaces, often centered around ceremonial plazas. Religion played a significant role in Mayan life, with a pantheon of gods associated with natural elements and agricultural cycles. The Mayans practiced rituals and ceremonies to honor these deities, and their society was organized into city-states ruled by kings. Agriculture, particularly the cultivation of maize, was vital for their economy and sustenance.