The Maya civilization was known for its complex social structure, which included powerful rulers who governed city-states. These rulers, often referred to as kings or ajaw, held significant political and religious authority. They were responsible for making important decisions, leading military campaigns, and overseeing construction projects, such as temples and pyramids. Maya rulers were often seen as intermediaries between the gods and the people. They performed rituals and ceremonies to ensure the prosperity of their city-states. The rulers' achievements and lineage were recorded in stelae and codices, which served to legitimize their power and commemorate their reigns.