The Maya civilization was a remarkable ancient culture that thrived in Mesoamerica, particularly in present-day Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and Honduras. Known for their advanced knowledge in mathematics, astronomy, and writing, the Maya developed a complex society with impressive city-states such as Tikal and Palenque. Maya society was characterized by its unique art, architecture, and religious practices. They built magnificent pyramids and temples, and their hieroglyphic writing system is one of the most sophisticated in the ancient world. The Maya also created a detailed calendar system that reflects their deep understanding of celestial movements.