Marxist theory, developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, focuses on the struggles between different social classes, particularly the bourgeoisie (owners of production) and the proletariat (working class). It argues that capitalism creates inequality and exploitation, leading to class conflict. Marx believed that this conflict would eventually result in a revolution, overthrowing capitalism and establishing a classless society. At the heart of Marxist theory is the idea of historical materialism, which suggests that economic factors drive societal change. According to this view, the way goods are produced shapes social structures and relationships. Ultimately, Marxists advocate for a system where resources and power are shared equally among all people.