Martí refers to José Martí, a Cuban writer, poet, and political activist born on January 28, 1853. He is best known for his role in the fight for Cuban independence from Spanish rule and is considered a national hero in Cuba. Martí's literary works, including essays and poetry, reflect his deep commitment to social justice and freedom. In addition to his literary contributions, Martí was a key figure in the Cuban independence movement. He founded the Cuban Revolutionary Party and organized the Cuban War of Independence in 1895. His legacy continues to inspire movements for freedom and equality across Latin America.