Maoism is a form of Marxism-Leninism that was developed by Mao Zedong, the founding father of the People's Republic of China. It emphasizes the role of the peasantry in revolution, advocating for a protracted people's war to achieve socialist goals. Maoists believe that rural areas can be the base for revolutionary movements, contrasting with traditional Marxist focus on urban workers. The ideology gained prominence during the Chinese Cultural Revolution, which aimed to preserve Chinese Communism by purging remnants of capitalist and traditional elements from society. Maoism has influenced various revolutionary movements worldwide, particularly in India and Nepal, where Maoist parties have sought to implement its principles.