The "Kings of Sicily" refers to the monarchs who ruled the island of Sicily from the medieval period until the unification of Italy in the 19th century. The island was governed by various dynasties, including the Normans, Hohenstaufen, and Aragonese, each contributing to its rich cultural and political history. Notable kings include Roger II, the first King of Sicily, who established a powerful kingdom in the 12th century, and Frederick II, known for his enlightened rule and cultural patronage. The island's strategic location in the Mediterranean made it a significant center for trade and cultural exchange throughout history.