The Kingdom of Jerusalem was a medieval state established in 1099 during the First Crusade. It was located in the region of the Levant, primarily in modern-day Israel and Palestine. The kingdom was founded after Christian forces captured the city of Jerusalem, which became its capital. The kingdom aimed to secure Christian control over the Holy Land and was characterized by a feudal system of governance. The Kingdom of Jerusalem faced numerous challenges, including military threats from Muslim forces and internal conflicts. It existed for nearly two centuries, experiencing periods of expansion and decline. Key figures included Baldwin IV, a leper king, and Saladin, a prominent Muslim leader who ultimately recaptured Jerusalem in 1187, leading to the kingdom's gradual loss of territory.