Saladin was a famous Muslim leader known for his role during the Crusades, a series of religious wars in the Middle Ages. Born in 1137 in Tikrit, he became the first sultan of Egypt and founded the Ayyubid dynasty. Saladin is best remembered for his efforts to unite Muslim forces against the Christian crusaders, particularly during the capture of Jerusalem in 1187. Saladin was admired not only for his military skills but also for his chivalry and respect for his enemies. His encounters with leaders like Richard the Lionheart showcased his ability to negotiate and show mercy, making him a legendary figure in both Islamic and Western history.