King Pedro IV of Portugal, also known as Pedro I of Brazil, was born on October 12, 1798. He played a crucial role in the independence of Brazil from Portugal in 1822, declaring himself its first emperor. He later returned to Portugal, where he became king in 1826, advocating for constitutional monarchy and liberal reforms. His reign was marked by political turmoil and conflict, including a civil war known as the Liberal Wars. Pedro IV abdicated the Portuguese throne in favor of his daughter, Maria II, in 1834. He is remembered for his contributions to both Portuguese and Brazilian history.