King Farouk I was the last reigning monarch of Egypt, ruling from 1936 until 1952. Born on February 11, 1920, he ascended to the throne at a young age after the death of his father, King Fuad I. His reign was marked by political instability, corruption, and growing discontent among the Egyptian people. In 1952, a military coup led by the Free Officers Movement forced King Farouk to abdicate and go into exile. He spent the rest of his life in Italy, where he died on March 18, 1965. His departure marked the end of the monarchy in Egypt and the establishment of a republic.