King Farouk was the last reigning monarch of Egypt, ruling from 1936 until his abdication in 1952. Born on February 11, 1920, he became king at the young age of 16 after his father, King Fuad I, passed away. His reign was marked by political instability, corruption, and growing discontent among the Egyptian people. In 1952, a military coup led by the Free Officers Movement forced King Farouk to abdicate. He went into exile, first to Italy and later to other countries. Farouk's reign is often remembered for its lavish lifestyle and the eventual rise of republicanism in Egypt, culminating in the establishment of the Republic of Egypt.