Keratoplasty is a surgical procedure that involves the transplantation of the cornea, the clear front part of the eye. This surgery is typically performed to restore vision in patients with corneal diseases, injuries, or scarring. There are two main types: penetrating keratoplasty, which replaces the entire cornea, and lamellar keratoplasty, which replaces only a portion of it. The procedure is usually done under local anesthesia and can take about one to two hours. After surgery, patients may need to use eye drops and follow specific care instructions to promote healing. The success of keratoplasty often depends on the underlying condition and the patient's overall health.