The Judiciary of Afghanistan is the system of courts and legal institutions responsible for interpreting and applying the law in the country. It operates under the framework of the Afghan Constitution, which was adopted in 2004, and aims to ensure justice and uphold the rule of law. The judiciary includes various levels of courts, such as primary courts, appeal courts, and the Supreme Court. Judicial authority in Afghanistan is vested in the Supreme Court, which oversees the entire judicial system. Judges are appointed by the President of Afghanistan and confirmed by the Wolesi Jirga, the lower house of the National Assembly. The judiciary faces challenges, including issues of independence, access to justice, and the influence of political factors.