The Constitution of Afghanistan, adopted in 2004, serves as the fundamental legal framework for the country. It establishes Afghanistan as an Islamic Republic, outlining the structure of government, the rights of citizens, and the responsibilities of state institutions. The Constitution emphasizes the importance of democracy, human rights, and the rule of law. Key features include the separation of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. It guarantees fundamental rights such as freedom of speech and equality before the law. The Constitution also recognizes the significance of Islam in public life while ensuring that laws align with Islamic principles.