Johannesburg, often referred to as Jozi or Joburg, is the largest city in South Africa and serves as a major economic hub for the continent. Founded in the late 19th century during the gold rush, it has grown into a vibrant metropolis known for its diverse culture, rich history, and significant role in the fight against apartheid. The city is home to several important landmarks, including the Apartheid Museum, which chronicles the country's history of racial segregation, and Soweto, a township that played a crucial role in the anti-apartheid movement. Johannesburg also boasts a lively arts scene, with numerous galleries, theaters, and music venues.