James Stewart, 1st Duke of Moray (c. 1531–1570) was a Scottish nobleman and a prominent figure during the turbulent times of the Scottish Reformation. He was the son of James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray and Mary Stewart, and he played a significant role in the political landscape of Scotland. He was appointed as the regent for the young Mary, Queen of Scots after her return from France. As a leader, James Stewart was known for his efforts to stabilize Scotland amidst religious conflicts. He was a supporter of the Protestant Reformation and worked to strengthen the influence of the Church of Scotland. His title of Duke of Moray was created in 1567, marking his elevated status among the Scottish nobility.