The Israeli separation barrier, often referred to as the Israeli West Bank barrier, is a series of fences and walls built by Israel starting in 2002. Its primary purpose is to enhance security by preventing unauthorized crossings and reducing violence, particularly during the Second Intifada. The barrier stretches approximately 700 kilometers and runs mostly along the Green Line, the 1949 armistice border between Israel and the West Bank. The construction of the barrier has been a subject of significant controversy. Critics argue that it encroaches on Palestinian land and restricts the movement of Palestinians, impacting their daily lives and access to resources. Supporters claim it has effectively reduced attacks against Israeli citizens. The barrier remains a focal point in the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict.