The term "Islamic State" commonly refers to a militant group that emerged in the early 2000s, known for its extreme interpretation of Islam. It gained global attention in 2014 when it declared a caliphate in parts of Iraq and Syria, aiming to establish a society governed by its strict interpretation of Sharia law. The group is also known for its violent tactics, including terrorism and brutal enforcement of its rules. It has been involved in numerous conflicts and has faced military opposition from various countries and coalitions, significantly reducing its territorial control in recent years.