Iran and Afghanistan share a long border of about 900 kilometers, which has significant cultural and economic ties. Historically, both countries have influenced each other through trade, migration, and shared ethnic groups, particularly the Persian and Pashtun peoples. In recent years, the relationship has been shaped by various factors, including security concerns and the impact of the Taliban in Afghanistan. Iran has expressed interest in stability in Afghanistan to prevent the spillover of conflict and to manage issues like drug trafficking and refugee flows across their shared border.