The Indo-Iranian branch is a major division of the Indo-European language family. It encompasses two primary sub-branches: Indo-Aryan and Iranian. Languages within this branch are spoken across a vast region, including parts of India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Iran. The Indo-Aryan languages, such as Hindi and Bengali, are primarily spoken in the Indian subcontinent, while the Iranian languages, including Persian and Kurdish, are found in Iran and surrounding areas. This branch reflects a rich cultural and linguistic heritage, influencing literature, religion, and social structures in the regions where these languages are spoken.