Indigenous treaties are formal agreements made between Indigenous peoples and governments, often outlining the rights, responsibilities, and land use of both parties. These treaties can cover various aspects, including hunting, fishing, and land ownership, and are intended to protect the interests of Indigenous communities while recognizing their sovereignty. Historically, many treaties were signed during the colonization of North America, with varying degrees of fairness and adherence. Some treaties, like the Treaty of Waitangi in New Zealand or the numerous treaties in Canada, continue to influence relationships between Indigenous nations and governments today, shaping discussions around land rights and cultural preservation.