Sovereignty refers to the authority of a state to govern itself or another state. It encompasses the full right and power of a governing body to make decisions, enforce laws, and conduct foreign affairs without external interference. This concept is fundamental in international law and relations, as it establishes the framework within which states operate and interact. In modern contexts, sovereignty can be challenged by globalization, international treaties, and organizations like the United Nations. These factors can limit a state's ability to act independently, leading to debates about the balance between national interests and global responsibilities. Understanding sovereignty is crucial for analyzing power dynamics in the world today.