The Inca Empire was a powerful civilization that thrived in the Andean region of South America from the early 15th century until the Spanish conquest in the 16th century. Known for their advanced agricultural techniques, the Incas cultivated crops like potatoes and maize on terraced fields. They also built an extensive road system that connected their vast empire, facilitating trade and communication. Inca society was organized into a hierarchical structure, with the Sapa Inca at the top as the emperor. Religion played a significant role in their culture, with worship centered around deities like Inti, the sun god. The Incas are also famous for their impressive architectural achievements, including the iconic site of Machu Picchu.